ANALYSIS OF THE TRAFFIC IMPACT OF DEVELOPMENT SEKOLAH

The construction of a certain area will have an impact on the performance of the surrounding traffic, this is due to the new movements caused, one of which is the expan sion of the Mardi Waluya School building located in the city of South Bogor, referring to the regu lation of the minister of transportation no. 75 of 2015, then the activity must be carried out a Traffic Impact Analysis, this analysis is carried out to find out how much impact caused by the generation a nd attraction by the new activity center. With standard calculat ions based on the Indonesian Road Capacity Manual (MKJI 2017). From the analysis obtained, the average value of the Existing VCR on the Jalan Pahlawan section is 0.55, Jl. Dreded 0,17, Jl. Aut 0,68, Jl. R Saleh Bustaman 0.58, Jl. Empty 0.98. There was no s ign ificant effect on traffic performance during construction. But it is predicted that in the period 2021-2025 it will change with a VCR value of: Jl. Pahlawan 0.57 0.63 Jl. Dreded 0,18 0,20 Jl. Aut 0,69 0,77, Jl. R Saleh Bustaman 0.59 0.65, Jl. Empty 1.00 1.10. An impact handling simulation was conducted to improve traffic performance, indicated by the VCR value on the Jl. Pahlawan 0.53 0.58 Jl. Dreded 0,17 0,19 Jl. Aut 0,39 0,43, Jl. R Saleh Bustaman 0.54 0.60, Jl. Empty 0.76 0.84.


INTRODUCTION
The development of an area must be supported by infrastructure, facilit ies and transportation arrangements tha t are effective, efficient, comfortable and safe. Transportation is a supporting sector for a region in order to develop. An area can have more sellin g value if it has good regional accessibility. With good accessibility, the area can be connected by a network of infrastructure and transportation facilities to the main city network.
Mardi Waluya School intends to play a role in advancing education in the city of Bogor, one of which is by buildin g a school building for the office to be used as a teaching fa cility for Mardi Waluya School, with an area of 10,583 m2 this is expected to increase generation and attraction to the surrounding area, if not. conducted traffic management arrangements for the flow of veh icles around the school. This is because the Mardi Waluya School area will generate movement on the Jl. Pahlawan, Jl. Dreded, Jl. Aut, Jl. Raden Saleh Bustaman which is a road that has a fairly h igh level of vehicle volume.
Traffic impact analysis is a study that analyzes the effect of traffic generated by an area development on the surrounding transportation netwo rk. This study includes a study of the traffic circulation in the inner part of the area to the roads surrounding the area which are the access roads to the area. In other words, a traffic study study is a study that includes the study of transportation equipment that is affected by the development of an area, within a certain radius.
A land use development will generate or attract movement towards that land use. Generation and attraction are movements that are contradictory and appear at different times a ccording to the type of land use. As an illustration, housing will generate movement in the morning and attract movement in the afternoon according to the time to go to and from work. Likewise with scho ols, in the morning there will be an interested movement and during the day there will be an awakening.
To anticipate the emergence of transportation problems due to development and development, th is study will conduct a study of the conditions of exist ing transportation, predict the impact that may arise on the performance of transportation equipment and recommendations for solving transportation problems to benefit the development of the Mardi Waluya School area.

Formulation of the problem
The problem formulations to be discussed in this study are as follows: 1. How is the existing condition around Mardi Waluya School? 2. How big is the traffic impact caused by the construction of the Mardi Waluya Schoo l?

Research purposes
Based on the problem formulation above, the objectives of this study are; 1. Knowing the existing conditions around Mardi Waluya School.
2. To obtain solutions for handling the effects of the Mardi Waluya School.

Traffic Impact Analysis
Dikun and Arif (1993) define traffic impact analysis a s a special study of the construction of a building fa cility and other land uses on the city's transportation system, particularly the road network around the building site. Tamin (2000), traffic im pact analysis is basically an analysis of the influence of land use development on the surrounding traffic flow system caused by new traffic generation, shifting traffic, and by vehicles going in a nd out of the land.
The phenomenon of the traffic impact is caused by the construction and operation of activity centers that have generated quite a large traffic generation, such as office centers, shopping centers, terminals, and others. Furthermore, it is said that the traffic impact occurs in 2 (two) stages, namely: 1. The construction or construction stage. At this stage there will be traffic generation due to material transportation and heavy equipment mobilization that overloads roads on the material route; 2. The post construction or operating stage. At this sta ge there will be a traffic generation from visitors, employees and sellers of transportation services that will overload certain road sections, as well as the generation of vehicle parking. Tamin (2000) states that each activity space will "generate" movement and "attract" movement whose intensity depends on the type of land use. If there is development and development of new areas such as shopping centers, superblocks and others, it will certainly cause additional traffic generation and attraction due to additional activities in and around the area. For this rea son, the development of a new area and its development will have a direct influence on the surrounding road network system. The relia ble study includes an assessment of the road network in the area up to the roads around the activity center area. The criteria for implementing traffic impact analysis are in the minister of transportation regulation number 75 of 2015 concerning the implem entation of traffic impact analysis.
Traffic management requires free traffic from the concept of passing people to reduce congestion (Triyanto et al, 2019); Maudiawan et al, 2020); (Syaiful S and Lutfi A, 2015); (Syaiful S, 2015). Motorized vehicle traffic requires quick access to their destination, this is related to conditions that require driver peace of mind in driving their vehicle (Syaiful S, Thamrin T, 2016)

Traffic Flow Calculation
All traffic flow values (per direction and total) are converted into light vehicle units (cur) usin g the empirically derived light vehicle equivalent (ekr) for the following vehicle types: 1. Light vehicles (KR) (including passenger cars, minibuses, pickups, small trucks and jeeps).
The light vehicle equivalent (ekr) for each type of vehicle depends on the type of road and the total traffic flow expressed in vehicles / hour. Traffic volume shows the number of vehicles that cross one point of observation in one time unit (days, hours, minutes) (Sukirman, 1999). The amount of traffic volume is shown in equations (1) and (2).
with : V = traffic volume KR = light vehicle KB = heavy vehicles, motorized vehicles with more than 4 wheels (includes buses, 2as trucks, 3 axles trucks, and combination trucks)

Free Flow Speed
The equation for determining the speed of free flo w has a general form, shown in the following equation: Information: VB is the free flow velocity for KR under field conditions (km / hr).
VBD is the basic free current velocity for KR.
VBL is the speed adjustment value due to the road width.
FVBHS is a factor for adjusting the free speed due to side obstacles on a road that has shoulders or a road equipped with curves / sidewalks with a curb distance to the nearest barrier.
FVBUK is the free speed adjustment factor for the city size.

Road capacity
Road Capacity is the maximum number of vehicles that can move / pass on a certain road section within a certain period of time.

Road service rate
The Serv ice Level Indicator on a road shows the overall condition of the road segment. Serv ice level is determined based on quantita tive values such as: VCR, travel speed, and based on qualitative values such as the driver's freedom to move / choose the speed, the degree of traffic resistance, and comfort. In general, service levels can be distinguished as follows:

Generation and Withdrawal
Generation is the number of movements originating from a land use (zone), while attraction is the amount of movement towards a zone. This traffic generation includes: 1. Traffic leaving the location 2. Traffic to or from a location The generation and attraction of the movement is shown in the diagram below (Tamin 2000).

Four-Stage Transport Modeling
In general, this model is a combination of several submodel series, each of which must be carried out sequentially, namely: trip generation, trip d istribution, mode selection, and route selection. The

Projection Method MAT
The projection method can be carried out by obtaining in advance the population growth rate of the study area. Then the growth will be correlated with the Origin Dest ination Matrix in order to obtain the MAT for the plan year.
In modeling for a certain period of time there will be a change in the Origin Destination Matrix (MAT). Growth pred iction for the present and the future is very important in modeling, especially if the modeling uses secondary data The total population is shown in equation (5).

Research time
The time for implementing data processing, reporting and designing was carried out for four months, starting from July 2019 to October 2019.

Research Place
The area of review in the study is in the City of South The Study Research Location is Shown in Figure 2.

Material
The materials needed in this study are primary and secondary data obtained f rom the analysis and related agencies in the form of Bogor city gro wth data, Bogor city existing conditions, and Bogor RTRW map data.

Research Stages
The stages of this research are described in the stages shown in the traffic impact analysis flow chart below::

Traffic Count data
To be able to find out the peak hours of working peak hours, traffic count da ta is needed from various roads around the Mardi Waluya School development area which includes Jl. Pahlawan, Jl. Dreded, Jl. Raden Shaleh Bustaman, Jl. Aut, and Jl. Empang to obtain the volume of vehicles around the study area.

Road Segment Inventory
The traffic survey carried out on these road sections has been divided into segments.

Speed Calculation
After gettin g the volume and flow of vehicles for each road segment, the next step is to find the average speed for each road based on the 2017 MKJI calcu lations:

Calculation of the Generation and Attraction of Mardi Waluya School
This trip generation is a calculation process to determine the magnitude of the generation caused by the expansion of the Mardi Waluya School building.
In calculating the generation, an assumption is made of the number of units based on the area at this early stage until an agreement is reached on the parking area, apartment units and retail area. Furthermore, to get the total number of pcu / hour pulls, the assumption is that the proportion of vehicles is uniform with the traffic counting data which is changed based on the vehicle coefficient on the MKJI. Estimation of generation and pull while using Trip Generation Manual, analysis of generation with a comparison of generation at a particular land use will further complement this analysis. From the results of the analysis, it is found that the magnitude of the generation and pull is 190 trips / hour.

Service level during construction
The traffic conditions at the time of construction, with a project time of 10 months, were est imated to use 4 trucks and 2 pick-ups for the project, so that it would affect Jalan Hero 1.
Significant influence on traffic performance around the roads in the study area during the construction of Mardi Waluya School.
In order to assist the performance of road sections with the construction, there are sufficient measures taken to anticipate traffic disruptions 1. Coordinate with related parties to assist traffic management.
2. Provide WaterTrap to clean project tires so as not to disturb road safety due to the large amount of dirt on the project vehicle tires.

Post-construction service level
Post-development prediction in the coming year, with the condition of existing roads and additional volume in line with the growth rate of the city of Bogor.
Post-development service level with impact handling Several policy recommendations were made to anticipate a negative impact on traffic performance.
1. Arrangements with officers durin g morning rush hours or school entry and school hours s o that the drop off in the parking lot provided is predicted to reduce side obstacles.
2. Installation of pelican crossing for crossing.
3. Appeal to use a pickup car.
4. Provision of a place to wait for online motorcycle taxis.
5. Doing road widening in several roads.

CONCLUSION
Based on the results of the study that has been carried out, there are several conclusions as follows, the Mardi Waluya School Buildin g Expansion Development with an area of 11529 Sqm (square meters) has a generating and pulling value of 190 cur / hour. Traffic problems on Jl. Pu lo Empang is a high level of travel wh ich is indicated by the high value of VCR that occurs throughout the day, especially durin g the morning peak hours (07.00 -08.00) for the direction of Bogor City and Jakarta and the afternoon peak hours (16.00-18.00) for directions to Ciapus and Bondongan. This is because Jl. these are located in densely populated settlements and have high enough side barriers such as the number of public transportation that stop carelessly and street ve ndors. The results of the study showed that the construction of the Mardi Waluya School Buildin g was identified as not having a significant impact on existing traffic.
These resu lts are indicated by the results of the modelin g scenario from the development of the study location. Based on the analysis, it is necessary to increase the road capacity and proper traffic management, includin g: Arrangement and control at Jl. Empang which has a low level of service quality in o rder to achieve a better smooth traff ic flow. The need for placing traffic signs in front of the Mardi Waluya school to maintain the safety of Mardi Waluya students when entering and leaving school. Arrangements with officers during morning rush hour or school entry and school return hours so that the drop off in the parking lot provided is thus pred icted to reduce side obstacles. Pelican crossing installation for crossing. Appeals to pick -up cars, provision of places to wait for online motorcycle taxis. Doing road widening in several roads.