The Method of Moral Educatioan According to Ibn Hajar in Bulughul Maram

Moral decline in millennial generation is the reason for the importance of instilling moral education. Moral education is one of the foundations and principles upon which Islamic education is based. One mandate of the goal national education is to instill noble character for students. This study aims to determine the method of moral education by Ibn Hajar in the book of Jami’ Bulughul Maram. Data is collected through document which is then analyzed by content analysis technique. The results showed that according to Ibn Hajar two, namely good morals and bad morals. The method of moral teaching according to Ibn Hajar there are eight, namely targhib wa tarhib, question and answer, repetition, global detail, advice, prayer, talk, and analogy.


Introduction
Abuddin Nata said that the moral crisis that initially only hit a small part of the political elite, now spread to the wider community, including students. The moral crisis that befell the students can be seen from the many complaints of parents, education experts, people working in the religious and social fields regarding the actions of some students who are difficult to control, naughty, stubborn. Frequent confusion, brawl, drunkenness, drug parties, and so forth. (Nata, 2003) The essence of education in Islam is to instill noble character in a child's soul in its growth and water it with instructions and advice, so that character can permeate in his soul, then the fruit is manifested in virtue, kindness, and love to work to utilize the motherland. (Djamaluddin and Aly, 1998) Al-Attas stated that the purpose of education according to Islam is not to produce good citizens and workers. On the contrary, the goal of education in Islam is to create good human beings, because good human beings are certainly good citizens, but not vice versa. (Daud, 2003: 172-173) The word method comes from the Greek meta which means through and hodose which means way. So that what is meant by the method is the road that will be traversed. (M. Arifin, 1987: 97). According to Hasan Langgulung, what is meant by the method is the way or path taken to achieve the goal. (Langgulung, 1985: 79). The method can also be interpreted as a method used to implement plans that have been prepared in real activities to achieve goals optimally. (Majid, 2014) This study aims to determine the method of moral education by Ibn Hajar in the book of Jami' Bulughul Maram.
Previously there has been research on the book Bulughul Maram, but discusses the method of character formation. Fhad al-A'la (2017) research with title Method of Forming Student Character Based on the Book of Bulughul Maram Bab Al-Jami 'and its Implementation in MTs Nurul Islam Bogor. The purpose of this study was to determine the results of the implementation of character learning based on the Bulughul Maram chapter Al-Jami' at MTs Nurul Islam Bogor. Nurdin (2015) research with title Comparison of Manners Concepts According to Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani and Concepts of Character Education in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the concept of adab according to Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani and find out the comparison and relevance of the concept of adab to the concept of character education in Indonesia. Research results show that the concept of manners according to Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani has three things: (1) Manners to God, (2) Manners to oneself, and (3)

Method
This type of research including the type of library research. Library research is a series of activities relating to library data collection methods. (Mahmud, 2011: 31). What is meant by data sources in research is the subject from which data is obtained. (Arikunto, 2010: 172). There are two kinds of data sources in this study, namely primary and secondary sources. Primary data, namely data obtained directly from research subjects as a source of information sought. And this is also called first-hand data. (Azwar, 2009: 91). Secondary data, that is data obtained through other parties, is not directly obtained by researchers from the research subjects. (Azwar, 2009: 91) The approach in this study is qualitative with the content analysis method. The primary source of the data used is the book of al-Jami' Bulughul Maram min Adillatil Ahkam dan kitab Minhajul Muslim chapter of Morals. While the secondary data source was taken from Al-Badru at- Tamam

Result And Discussion
There are several methods of moral education that can be deduced from the book of al-Jami 'Bulughul Maram namely:

A. Targhib wa Tarhib Method
Targhib is a promise that comes with persuasion and makes it easier. But the tarhib is a threat with torture due to prohibited wrong doing. (Al-Hamat, 2016: 295) Akhmad Alim stated that targhib is an education by providing good news, hope to learners through oral and written, so that they are motivated to do charity. While tarhib is an education by communicating threats to learners either verbally or in writing so that they can leave evil behind. (Alim, 2017: 171).
This method of targhib wa tarhib is the most widely used method of education mentioned by Ibn Hajar in the book of al-Jami' Bulughul Maram. Among the hadiths in the book of al-Jami' Bulughul Maram explain this method are: Be honest because honesty will lead to good and good will lead to heaven. If one is always honest and earnestly honest to be honest he will be written in the presence of God as a very honest person. And stay away from the lie because it leads to evil and it leads to hell. If a person is always lying and sincerely lying, it will be written before God as a liar (HR. Bukhari and Muslim) Abdullah bin Shalih al-Fauzan in Minhatul Allam said,  From the explanation of the two scholars' it can be concluded that one of the methods used by the Prophet in educating the cause was by the targhib wa tarhib method.

B. Question and Answer Method
Question and answer is a teaching method that allows two-way communication, namely dialogue between the teacher and students. (Majid, 2014: 210). The advantage of this method compared to other methods is that messages can be delivered directly, so that students' responses can be known, can activate the intellect, strengthen preparation for receiving new messages, and foster love for the truth. (Alim, 2017: 174).
Among the hadiths in the book of al-Jami' Bulughul Maram describe this method are: In quoting some of the lessons to be learned from this hadith, Muhammad bin Shalih al-Utsaimin in Fathu Dzil Jalal wal Ikram said, This hadith shows so well the teaching method of the Apostle that he conveyed information by asking for immediate attention (the companions). (Al-Utsaimin, 2014: 15/269)

C. Repetition Method
The Prophet often repeated his words three times in order to strengthen the weight of the material and strengthen the memory of the person who was spoken to with the material presented. (Al-Hamat, 2016: 325) The Prophet repeated this phrase three times in his aim so that what he was saying could be given more attention. (Abdullah al-Bassam, 2007: 7/557) Then this hadith shows that among the methods of teaching the Prophet is to repeat his words, so that more can be understood by the listener.

The Detailing Method After Global ( ‫اإليضاح‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫اإلبهام‬ )
This method is taken from the hadith: It is from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: "The signs of the hypocrites are three; if he speaks falsely, if he promises to defraud, and if he is trusted to betray. (HR. Bukhari and Muslim) Abdullah bin Shalih al-Fauzan in Minhatul Allam said

Method of Advice
The Prophet often used this method of advice when passing on lessons to his companions. (Alim,165) This method will have an extraordinary effect on students if done well. (Alim,164). This method can be concluded from the hadith, It was from Abu Hurairah that someone said: O Messenger of Allah, give me advice. He said: "Don't be angry." Then the man repeated several times and said: "Do not be angry." (HR. Bukhari)

Lecture Method
Lecture is a method of learning by speaking. (Majid, 2007: 194) And the lectures conducted by the Prophet are of two forms, namely: first, lectures that are permanent, such