Analisis Komparatif Tujuan Pendidikan Islam dan Barat Pendekatan Ontologis, Epistemologis, dan Aksiologis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32832/diversityjournal.v5i3.22193Keywords:
Aksiologis, Epistemologis, Ontologis, Pendidikan Barat, Pendidikan IslamAbstract
Dikotomi antara ilmu pengetahuan umum dan agama telah menciptakan krisis epistemik dalam sistem pendidikan global, yang menuntut peninjauan ulang terhadap tujuan akhir pendidikan. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis perbedaan fundamental dan potensi sintesis antara tujuan pendidikan Islam dan Barat menggunakan pendekatan filosofis-komparatif melalui dimensi Ontologi, Epistemologi, dan Aksiologis. Dengan menelaah literatur klasik dan kontemporer, penelitian ini menemukan disparitas tajam: secara ontologis, pendidikan Barat modern cenderung membentuk subjek otonom (Homo Economicus) yang berorientasi materi, sedangkan pendidikan Islam bertujuan membentuk Manusia Paripurna (Insan Kamil) yang menyadari statusnya sebagai hamba dan khalifah. Secara epistemologis dan aksiologis, dominasi rasionalisme empiris dan utilitarianisme Barat dipertentangkan dengan konsep integrasi ilmu (Tawhid al-'Ulum) dan Ta'dib dalam Islam. Meskipun demikian, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa integrasi metodologis dimungkinkan dengan mengadopsi pedagogi kritis Barat yang diletakkan di bawah subordinasi nilai etika Islam. Sintesis ini menawarkan model pendidikan holistik yang mereorientasi kompetensi profesional demi pencapaian kebahagiaan sejati (falah), memberikan solusi atas alienasi moral manusia modern.
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