Estimasi Emisi Gas Buang Kendaraan pada Simpang Koordinasi Menggunakan Microsimulasi PTV VISSIM

Abstract

The increasing volume of motor vehicles in urban areas directly affects the performance of signalized intersections and the magnitude of vehicle exhaust emissions. This study aims to analyze existing traffic performance, estimate carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, and assess emission changes based on three traffic engineering scenarios at SMA 2 Lumajang Intersection and Sukodono Intersection, Lumajang Regency, East Java. Both four-phase signalized intersections are 700 meters apart and are affected by the diversion of heavy vehicles due to the narrowing of the Eastern Ring Road (JLT). The method employed is microsimulation modeling using PTV VISSIM 2025 equipped with the Emissions module for integrated CO and NOx estimation. The model was validated through five calibration iterations using GEH and MAPE tests, and declared valid with GEH < 5.0 and MAPE < 10%. Existing analysis results show that SMA 2 Lumajang Intersection has a Level of Service F (average delay 77.98 seconds), while Sukodono Intersection is categorized as D (delay 32.06 seconds). Existing CO emissions reached 1,944.31 g/hr and NOx 378.30 g/hr at SMA 2 Lumajang Intersection. Among three tested scenarios, Scenario 2 (130-second cycle time per PKJI 2023 with Fixed Time Signal Controller optimization) proved most effective in reducing average CO emissions to 1,337.04 g/hr and NOx to 260.14 g/hr at SMA 2 Lumajang, and CO to 720.03 g/hr and NOx to 140.10 g/hr at Sukodono Intersection.