Moral disengagement dalam internalisasi nilai Islam: Tinjauan literatur sistematis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32832/itjmie.v7i7.24185Keywords:
moral disengagement, Pendidikan Agama Islam, perilaku prososial, identitas moral, siswa SMKAbstract
This study analyzes the role of moral disengagement in explaining the gap between the internalization of Islamic Religious Education values and the prosocial behavior of vocational high school students. The study employed a Systematic Literature Review approach following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Data were obtained from the Scopus database through identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and inclusion stages, resulting in 20 relevant articles published between 2020 and 2026. The data were analyzed using narrative synthesis to identify patterns of relationship among moral disengagement, empathy, moral identity, social support, school culture, and prosocial behavior. The findings show that moral disengagement weakens the translation of moral and religious understanding into social behavior through mechanisms of moral justification, diffusion of responsibility, and normalization of deviant conduct. Conversely, empathy and moral identity strengthen prosocial behavior and reduce the possibility of moral rationalization. These findings indicate that Islamic Religious Education needs to move beyond cognitive transmission and strengthen reflective learning, moral identity formation, empathy development, and supportive school culture.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran moral disengagement dalam menjelaskan kesenjangan antara internalisasi nilai Pendidikan Agama Islam dan perilaku prososial peserta didik SMK. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review dengan mengacu pada pedoman PRISMA 2020. Data diperoleh dari basis data Scopus melalui tahap identifikasi, penyaringan, kelayakan, dan inklusi sehingga diperoleh 20 artikel relevan yang terbit pada rentang 2020-2026. Data dianalisis dengan teknik sintesis naratif untuk menemukan pola hubungan antara moral disengagement, empati, identitas moral, dukungan sosial, budaya sekolah, dan perilaku prososial. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa moral disengagement melemahkan penerjemahan pemahaman moral dan agama ke dalam perilaku sosial melalui pembenaran moral, pengalihan tanggung jawab, dan normalisasi perilaku menyimpang. Sebaliknya, empati dan identitas moral berperan memperkuat perilaku prososial serta menekan kecenderungan pembenaran tindakan tidak etis. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran PAI perlu bergerak melampaui transfer pengetahuan dengan memperkuat refleksi etis, identitas moral, empati, dan budaya sekolah yang mendukung praktik nilai Islam secara lebih konsisten dalam kehidupan sekolah.
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