Diagnosing the Technocratic Orientation of Indonesian Pharmacy Education: Expert Validation toward an Adab Based Islamic Education Framework

Abstract

This study aims to diagnose the technocratic orientation of Indonesian pharmacy education and validate the relevance of an adab-based Islamic education framework for reorienting professional formation in pharmacy. A qualitative-dominant design was employed through curriculum document analysis, expert validation, and expert interviews. The analyzed documents included Indonesian pharmacy education standards and the Pharmacy curriculum of UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Expert validation involved 31 respondents from pharmacy and health education backgrounds, while interviews were conducted with experts in Islamic philosophy and pharmaceutical sciences. The findings indicate that Indonesian pharmacy education remains strongly shaped by biomedical reasoning, technical competence, and outcome-based education. Expert validation shows that the adab/ta’dib dimension received the strongest acceptance, while the worldview and Tibb an-Nabawi dimensions require clearer operationalization. The study concludes that pharmacy education should not reject modern pharmaceutical science, but should be reoriented through adab so that scientific competence is integrated with moral responsibility, professional trustworthiness, and a holistic understanding of the human being