Pengembangan bahan ajar multimedia pada mata pelajaran pendidikan agama Islam di Sekolah Menengah Atas

Abstract

This study was motivated by the persistent challenges in the implementation of Islamic Religious Education (IRE) at the senior high school level, including the predominance of teacher-centered instructional approaches, the limited use of innovative learning media, and the insufficient accommodation of students' diverse learning styles. These conditions have contributed to low levels of student engagement and independent learning. Therefore, this study aimed to develop multimedia-based instructional materials for Islamic Religious Education that meet the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness.This study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE instructional design model, which consists of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Data were collected through expert validation, practicality questionnaires, learning achievement tests (pretest and posttest), classroom observations, and documentation.The findings revealed that the developed multimedia instructional materials demonstrated a very high level of validity, with Aiken's V values of 11.75 for the content and construct aspects and 9.00 for the language aspect. In terms of practicality, the instructional materials were considered practical for use by tenth-grade students, achieving a Fleiss' Kappa coefficient of 0.73. Furthermore, the multimedia instructional materials were found to be effective in improving students' learning outcomes, as indicated by an increase in the average score from 72 to 84 and an N-gain value of 0.75. Therefore, the developed multimedia instructional materials are suitable for use as an innovative learning resource in Islamic Religious Education and can effectively support students' independent learning.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh masih ditemukannya berbagai permasalahan dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) di tingkat Sekolah Menengah Atas, antara lain dominannya pendekatan pembelajaran yang berpusat pada guru, keterbatasan penggunaan media yang inovatif, serta belum optimalnya pengakomodasian perbedaan gaya belajar peserta didik. Kondisi tersebut berdampak pada rendahnya keterlibatan aktif dan kemandirian belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan bahan ajar multimedia pada mata pelajaran PAI yang memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development) dengan mengadopsi model ADDIE, meliputi tahap analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik validasi ahli, angket praktikalitas, tes hasil belajar (pretest dan posttest), observasi, serta dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar multimedia yang dikembangkan memiliki tingkat validitas sangat tinggi, dengan nilai Aikens’ V sebesar 11,75 (aspek konten dan konstruk) serta 9 (aspek bahasa). Dari aspek kepraktisan, bahan ajar dinyatakan praktis digunakan oleh siswa kelas X dengan nilai Fleiss Kappa sebesar 0,73. Selain itu, bahan ajar multimedia terbukti efektif meningkatkan hasil belajar, ditunjukkan oleh rata-rata nilai dari 72 menjadi 84 dan N-gain sebesar 0,75. Dengan demikian, bahan ajar multimedia layak digunakan sebagai inovasi pembelajaran PAI dan mendukung kemandirian belajar peserta didik.